Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo linempambano engenalutho futhi lisetshenziswa ngobuningi njengepayipi lokuthutha uketshezi, njengamapayipi okuthutha uwoyela, igesi yemvelo, igesi, amanzi kanye nezinto ezithile eziqinile.Ipayipi lensimbi nensimbi eyindilinga kanye nenye insimbi eqinile, uma kuqhathaniswa namandla okugoba kanye namandla e-torsion, isisindo esilula, insimbi yezomnotho enqamula ingxenye, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye zesakhiwo nezomshini, njengezinduku zokumba uwoyela, izinsimbi zokushayela izimoto. , amafreyimu webhayisikili kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-scaffolding yensimbi esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezingxenye zendandatho yepayipi yensimbi, kungathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kube lula inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukonga izinto kanye nesikhathi sokucubungula, sekusetshenziswe kabanzi ukwenza ipayipi lensimbi.
Izakhiwo zemishini
Steel izakhiwo mechanical ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhiwo steel ekupheleni-ukusetshenziswa (izakhiwo mechanical) of izinkomba ezibalulekile, kuncike ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi kanye nokushisa uhlelo ukwelashwa.Esilinganisweni sepayipi lensimbi, ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa, cacisa izakhiwo eziqinile (amandla aqinile, amandla okukhiqiza noma iphuzu lesivuno, ubude) nobulukhuni, izinkomba zokuqina, kunezidingo zomsebenzisi zokusebenza okuphezulu nokuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, njll.
① Amandla e-Tensile (σb)
Isifanekiso esiku-tension, amandla amakhulu (Fb) amelana ngesikhathi sokudonsa, ahlukaniswa ingcindezi (σ) etholwe endaweni yokuqala ye-cross-sectional (So) yesampula, eyaziwa ngokuthi amandla aqinile (σb), iyunithi N/mm2 (MPa).Imele umthamo omkhulu wezinto zensimbi ukumelana nokulimala ekucindezelekeni.Ifomula yokubala ithi
Kuphi: Fb – amandla aphezulu asekelwa isifanekiso lapho sidonswa, N (Newton);Ngakho - indawo yokuqala ye-cross-sectional ye-specimen, mm2.
②Iphoyinti lesivuno (σs)
Ngomphumela wesivuno sezinto zensimbi, isampula enqubweni yokwelula yamandla ayikhuphuki (ihlala ingashintshi) ingaqhubeka nokwelula ukucindezeleka, okubizwa ngokuthi iphoyinti lokuvuna.Uma ukuwa kwamandla kwenzeka, kufanele kwenziwe umehluko phakathi kwamaphuzu esivuno aphezulu naphansi.Iyunithi yephoyinti lesivuno ngu-N/mm2 (MPa).
Iphuzu lokukhiqiza eliphezulu (σsu): ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngaphambi kokuba isifanekiso sikhiqize futhi amandla aqale ukuwa;iphoyinti lokukhiqiza eliphansi (σsl): ingcindezi encane esigabeni sokukhiqiza lapho umphumela wesikhashana wokuqala unganakwa.
Ifomula yokubala iphoyinti lesivuno ithi: ifomula: Fs - amandla okukhipha (okungashintshi) phakathi nenqubo ye-tensile yesifanekiso, N (Newton) Ngakho - indawo yokuqala ye-cross-sectional ye-specimen, mm2.
③ Ukuphakama ngemva kwekhefu (σ)
Esivivinyweni esiqinile, ukwanda kwephesenti kubude besampula ngemva kokuba sikhishiwe kuphawu lwaso kuya kubude bophawu lokuqala kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelulwa.Ivezwa ngokuthi σ ngo-%.Ibalwa njengokuthi: ifomula: L1 - ubude besampula ngemva kokukhipha uphawu lwaso, mm;L0 – ubude bophawu lwangempela lwesifanekiso, mm.
④ Izinga lokuncipha kwengxenye (ψ)
Esivivinyweni esiqinile, ukushwabana okuphezulu kwendawo ephambanayo yesifanekiso ekushwabaneni kwayo ngemva kokusuka njengephesenti lendawo ephambanayo yasekuqaleni kubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushwabana kwefractional.Ivezwa ngokuthi ψ ngo-%.Ifomula yokubala imi kanje
Kuphi: S0 – indawo yokuqala ephambanayo yesampula, mm2;I-S1 - indawo encane ye-cross-sectional at the shrinkage ngemva kokukhishwa kwesampula, mm2.
⑤ Inkomba yokuqina
Ikhono lento yensimbi yokumelana nokungeniswa kwento eqinile endaweni engaphezulu, ebizwa ngokuthi ubulukhuni.Kuye ngendlela yokuhlola kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza, ubulukhuni bungahlukaniswa ngokuqina kwe-Brinell, ukuqina kwe-Rockwell, ukuqina kwe-Vickers, ukuqina koShore, ukuqina okuncane kanye nobulukhuni bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.Ngokuba ithubhu ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuba noBrinell, Rockwell, Vickers ubulukhuni abathathu.
I-Shandong Xinjie Metal Materials Co., Ltd. iyinkampani yamapayipi ensimbi ehlanganisa ukukhiqiza, ukucubungula nokusebenza, ehileleke kakhulu kulokhu: ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo (ipayipi lensimbi eliqinile elinezindonga, ishubhu likabhayela elinomfutho ophansi naphakathi, ipayipi lensimbi eyingxubevange, ipayipi lomzuzu oyisikwele. , ishubhu likabhayela womfutho ophezulu, ipayipi eliqhekeka likaphethiloli, ipayipi likamanyolo wamakhemikhali, ipayipi lensimbi elikhethekile), insimbi engagqwali (ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo, ipayipi elishiselwe insimbi engagqwali, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi/ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali, ibha eyindilinga yensimbi engagqwali, insimbi engagqwali ipayipi lesikhashana lesikwele), iphrofayili yensimbi engagqwali (i-I-beam, insimbi ye-angle, insimbi yesiteshi) neminye imikhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-01-2023